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GRAMMYs

'Six' on Broadway

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'Six': Henry VIII's Wives Are Live On Broadway king-henry-viiis-six-wives-are-alive-live-broadway

King Henry VIII's "Six" Wives Are Alive & Live On Broadway

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The 16th-century British monarch's doomed wives have been resurrected as a modern girl group, and now, this Spring, they're Broadway-bound
Bryan Reesman
GRAMMYs
Mar 12, 2020 - 2:05 pm

Divorced. Beheaded. Died. Divorced. Beheaded. Survived. Tonight, though, the Six Wives of Henry VIII are live and alive.

It can take ages for a musical to rise up to the level of Broadway—sometimes as long as a decade. But for the pop musical "Six," it has been a whirlwind trip that started with its inaugural production put on by Cambridge University students at the Edinburgh Fringe Festival back in August 2017. 25-year-old co-creators/writers Lucy Moss and Toby Marlow wrote the show in 10 days. At the Fringe, "Six" sold 10,000 tickets.

That sudden success led to four professional shows at the Arts Theatre in the West End, followed throughout 2018 with alternating touring and a short West End run before landing its current West End residency (again at the Arts) where it has been playing for over a year and landed five Olivier Awards nominations in 2019.

Then things exploded.

There are now six versions of "Six" around the world at the moment—in London, Australia, New York, the U.K. tour, and on two different Norwegian cruise lines. A New Zealand production is in the works. Co-director Jamie Armitage credits "a team of amazing associates" who have shared the workload with the show’s core creative team to get each in motion through a mixture of independent development and checking back in with the musical's originators.

What has made "Six" such a runaway hit? The premise is certainly novel: The Six Wives of Henry VIII are resurrected onstage as a modern girl group. Each woman, portrayed in chic party attire and singing through modern colloquialisms, chronicle the terrible ordeals they each experienced at the hands of their tyrannical husband during the first half of the 16th Century. The one who suffered the most gets to be the lead singer of their ensemble. It's a show about female empowerment and pulling these women forth from the shadows of history.

The show's creators sought to retain the playful spirit of their original student production as it has blossomed and proliferated on professional circuits, but they also wanted to be respectful of the real-life events that inspired them to create their musical comedy. In that sense, "Six" is mining territory similar to the historical hip-hop remix of "Hamilton" and the underappreciated emo satire of "Bloody Bloody Andrew Jackson."

"'Six' wins you over—it charms you and is funny and clever and exciting," Armitage tells the Recording Academy. "But then it starts taking it to a more emotional, serious place. I think that is something quite important that it does because otherwise, it could feel a bit frivolous if it was just making jokes about all these bad things that happened. What I love about the show is it does start off in that vein, and then it starts to question that. I think that is very important because this was hundreds and hundreds years ago, and there is an element of delicacy required in talking about these subjects. It's just a testament to their writing and how they've handled that."

Armitage has been with the show from the start, having been captivated by the idea even before they had written it. He already knew Marlow (who wrote original songs for a musical that Armitage previously directed) and Moss, who also choreographed the original student version and has been co-directing the professional versions with Armitage.

Like "Hadestown," "Six" has cultivated a large audience through streaming, so many people who have seen the show already knew the score beforehand. On Spotify, all nine album tracks combined have topped 65 million plays. Armitage notes that having that music already available allows fans to entice friends and family to come along, and teenagers often bring their parents. Many fans have also put their own miming or singing to "Six" tracks up on social platforms like TikTok and YouTube, which is a testament to the show’s popularity.

When one compares the peppy pop of the "Six" cast album against live performances, there is clearly a fuller but slightly less polished sound on stage. "When you come and see it live we push the acting side of it a lot more," stats Armitage. "We push the elements which make it feel a raw live experience rather than just a pop track. And I think that's what makes it very exciting to come and see it in a theater because you get that other side of it."

Each touring version has a different cast, and Armitage says the casts nearly always perform the songs in their natural cultural accents to feel like they are creating their own version of these roles rather than applying a cookie-cutter approach. “If you were to see the Australian version, the New York version, and the London version on three consecutive nights, we have adapted them to the brilliant performers who define each one,” he explains.

It has also been important for the singers to find their own voice for the show rather than imitating a pop star they love. (The influence of women like Rihanna, Ariana, and Beyoncé certainly looms over the show.) "This is their version – if they were Beyoncé, how would they sound rather than ‘I want to sound like Beyoncé’,” elaborates Armitage. “Those kinds of distinctions are really important to making the casts feel like they’ve got their own [voice]. It's tough and does take time in the rehearsal process, but we’re handling it okay so far.”

The irreverent "Six" musical first emerged just before the #MeToo movement gained momentum in late 2017, and Armitage feels that subsequent overlap does help the conversation with the show and engages fans. Under the glitz and glamour of the ladies onstage lie grim stories.

“I think they [fans] like the fact that you can learn something, but it's not preaching,” says Armitage. “It’s just there to take what you want from it. I think that really excites people. I think people always love something that opens up your brain in a different way and makes you think about things differently, but allows you to get there and allows you to figure it out.”

Armitage says "Six" appeals to everyone from Tudor obsessives on both sides of the Atlantic to people with minimal knowledge of that rich period of history. “I think the show is so brilliant in how it's very nerdy, but it doesn't exclude you if you don't know [the era],” explains Armitage. “You can still get a lot out of the show even if you don't know every single tiny bit of history. Because Toby and Lucy are the absolute history buffs that they are, it's very well grounded. There are so many peculiar, lovely little facts in the show, [such as] it is true that Anne Boleyn did wear yellow on the day that she found out Catherine of Aragon passed away."

The "Six" creators hope that level of rigorous historical detail will inspire fans to delve deeper into these women’s lives and read more about them. Further, the show deals with all six wives equally (they frequently harmonize), whereas Armitage and company feel that a lot of public focus has been on the first three Queens. “People know very little about Anne of Cleves, Catherine Howard, and Catherine Parr,” asserts Armitage. “They can get excited about that and learn more about these amazing women. It's very, very important to us.”

For the creators and co-director, this has been their first West End and Broadway productions, accomplishments they feel very grateful for. “It's astonishing,” says Armitage. “It never just feels normal. We’re feeling very, very lucky for all of it.” He feels that the main thing people love about "Six" is its playful spirit, the sketch comedy-inspired jokes, and the brilliance and catchiness of the tunes. “What I enjoy is people seem to get lots of different things out of it. They identify with the Queens, they feel particularly excited to see themselves on stage, and therefore have a really strong connection with it.”

Bucking Broadway tradition, "Six" runs for 80 minutes, which is half of the length of a standard musical. It might surprise those theatergoers used to longer shows, but it might also please those who craving a shorter, snappier show.

“There is that classic complaint: Oh, it could have been 10 minutes shorter and you wouldn't have lost anything,” notes Armitage. Conversely, he hopes that people will think that if "Six" were 10 minutes shorter, “you'd lose quite a bit because we’ve managed to pack a lot into five minutes of show time. We wanted the exhilaration you get at a pop concert where it is a very sensory-rich experience, but there's something sneaking around at the end which is the message is the show.”

Read More: Singing—And Streaming—To Success On Broadway

There is a plethora of creative women involved in the show, including choreographer Carrie-Anne Ingrouille, costume and scenic designers Gabriella Slade and Emma Bailey, respectively, and musical director Julia Schade leading the all-female band quartet onstage.

“It's very exciting to what work with all these brilliant women because when the message of the show is so much about female empowerment, it is essential that is reflected through our team,” says Armitage. “I think it's a very important conversation that's going on right now, that it is not really acceptable to have male-only teams. Obviously, there's an element of always wanting the best people for the jobs. But I also think if you constantly end up with a team that is composed of the same people then something is going wrong in your selection process. We're really happy to be a part of that movement.”

The core creative team for "Six" have all been working on it since the first professional version in the summer of 2018. The Broadway cast – Adrianna Hicks, Andrea Macasaet, Brittney Mack, Abby Mueller, Samantha Pauly, and

Anna Uzele – is made up of American performers who first did the Chicago production in May 2019 then toured the U.S. for the latter half of that year. “They've really made these roles their own,” believes Armitage. “For a lot of them, this is their Broadway debut.”

Initially, Armitage admits, there was trepidation about letting American singers perform in their own accents considering that the historical inspiration and the vibe is so British. But he points out that Six is about celebrating the people who perform it. “We didn't want to erase their voices so that they fit an idea of what a British musical should sound like,” he says. “We haven't had any strange comments about it. People are just embracing it and loving that these women are singing in their voices.”

"Six" is part of a growing movement of offbeat, original musicals on Broadway. Armitage says it is heartening to note that some of the biggest musicals over the last five years have not been movie adaptations or classic revivals but fresh productions like "Come From Away," "Hamilton" and "Hadestown." "They are original works, and that is what will keep the theater going," he enthuses. “It's also good to see that audiences love that and get excited by the new thing."

Note: Due to public health and safety concerns, performances of all Broadway productions have been canceled through April 12, 2020. See the production's website for more details.

Read More: Inside The 'Moulin Rouge' Broadway Cast Recording, With Baz Luhrmann, Matt Stine & More

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Ben Platt performs at the 62nd GRAMMY Awards in 2020

Ben Platt performs at the 62nd GRAMMY Awards in 2020

Photo: Kevork Djansezian/Getty Images

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Ben Platt: Hasty Pudding Theatricals 2020 MOTY ben-platt-named-harvard-university%E2%80%99s-hasty-pudding-theatricals-2020-man-year

Ben Platt Named Harvard University’s Hasty Pudding Theatricals 2020 Man Of The Year

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The multi-hyphenate, 26, becomes the youngest recipient of the honor in the award's 54-year history
John Ochoa
GRAMMYs
Feb 7, 2020 - 11:58 am

Multi-hyphenate Ben Platt is adding another entry to his already-extensive résumé. The GRAMMY-, Tony- and Emmy-winning actor, singer and songwriter has been named Harvard University’s Hasty Pudding Theatricals 2020 Man Of The Year.

The annual award, presented by the university's Hasty Pudding Theatricals, the oldest theatrical organization in the U.S., recognizes "performers who have made lasting and impressive contributions to the world of entertainment," according to a press release announcing this year's honorees. (The organization also announced TV and film actress, director, writer and producer Elizabeth Banks as the 2020 Woman Of The Year.) 

Previous winners of the Man Of The Year award include Clint Eastwood, Tom Hanks, Robert De Niro, Harrison Ford, 10-time GRAMMY winner Justin Timberlake, Robin Williams and others. Platt's win now makes him the youngest recipient of the honor—he's 26—in the award's 54-year history. 

Read: "Hadestown" Wins Best Musical Theater Album | 2020 GRAMMYs

Platt is widely known for his starring roles across film, TV and theater. He is currently the star and executive producer of "The Politician," the new Netflix series from Ryan Murphy, for which he received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Performance By An Actor in the TV category this year. He's also starred in the Pitch Perfect musical film franchise, in addition to roles in Ricki And The Flash, Billy Lynn's Long Halftime Walk, Drunk Parents and other films. 

In 2017, Platt won the Tony Award for Best Leading Actor In A Musical for his starring role in "Dear Evan Hansen." The cast recording of the musical would go on to win a GRAMMY for Best Musical Theater Album at the 60th GRAMMY Awards, held in 2018, marking Platt's first and only golden gramophone—so far.

On the music front, Platt released his 2019 debut album, Sing To Me Instead, which became a Top 20 hit on the Billboard 200 chart. 

The Hasty Pudding Theatricals award follows a stellar performance from Platt at the 62nd GRAMMY Awards last month, where he joined Camila Cabello, Gary Clark Jr., Common, Cyndi Lauper and others in a special performance of "I Sing The Body Electric" from the film Fame in a tribute to GRAMMY executive producer Ken Ehrlich.

10 Unforgettable Moments From The 2020 GRAMMY Awards

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Amber Gray and the Broadway cast of Hadestown

Photo by Matthew Murphy

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Singing—And Streaming—To Success On Broadway singing%E2%80%94and-streaming%E2%80%94-success-broadway-0

Singing—And Streaming—To Success On Broadway

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How the success of streaming platforms has launched an unorthodox new wave of Broadway productions
Bryan Reesman
GRAMMYs
Aug 7, 2019 - 10:17 am

The traditional trajectory of a musical seeking to reach the Great White Way was that it would start as a local or off-Broadway production, go through multiple permutations of performance and development, find the right commercial casting choices, do an out-of-town tryout, and then, if the creators got lucky and the show thrived, arrive on Broadway. But some recent productions have been bucking traditional channels, finding audiences through original soundtracks available on CD and more prominently by streaming platforms like Spotify, which has allowed unorthodox shows like Hadestown and Be More Chill to skirt the usual gatekeepers and reach mainstream theatergoers in New York City.

Streaming is making a difference. During opening week performances of both Hadestown and Be More Chill, their audiences emanated incredible enthusiasm. This was beyond even the normal warm reception given new shows. Many people in those seats intimately knew these shows.

Writer/composer Anaïs Mitchell's Hadestown, a retelling of the Orpheus myth with both New Orleans and an industrial Hell as its settings, began life as an abstract, DIY community-style show in her home state of Vermont in 2006. Two incarnations later, she recorded a cast album in 2010 featuring vocalists Ani DiFranco, Greg Brown, Justin Vernon from Bon Iver, and Ben Knox Miller from The Low Anthem.

GRAMMYs

Andre De Shields in Hadestown

"It was a very magical collaboration," says Mitchell. That first cast album later lured director Rachel Chavkin and co-star Patrick Page to the project, which lead to productions off-Broadway and in Edmonton and London between 2016 and 2018. Later, Hadestown premiered on Broadway this past spring and won eight Tony Awards.

Mitchell does not seem to concern herself with streaming numbers on Hadestown (the Top 10 tracks on Spotify have notched up 7.6 million streams), but she notes that the three different recordings—the original concept album and off-Broadway and Broadway cast albums—"have definitely helped the show reach people who otherwise might not set foot in the theater. For all the complicated aspects of music streaming, I love that music is free. It's like water running to the sea. It will find the people who will listen to and love it, whoever they are."

The Hadestown creator adds that the process of developing the show over the past six years has been very public. "It's a little intense sometimes because people get attached to one version of a thing, and they inevitably have feelings when that thing changes," notes Mitchell. "But people have been incredibly supportive of the time it took to bring this show to Broadway. In a way people are invested in, and have really been part of, the journey itself, not just the destination. They’ve literally been part of the process."

GRAMMYs

Be More Chill

After the sci-fi teen comedy Be More Chill (adapted from Ned Vizzini's book) finished its four-week run at the Two River Theater in Red Bank, New Jersey in 2015, the original cast album was recorded to commemorate the experience. "No one ever thought that it would lead to having the show find a way back to a stage," admits composer Joe Iconis. But something unexpected happened.

"It was a perfect storm of things,” says Iconis. "There were a few shows around that time that had come out that had some audience crossover with us, like Dear Evan Hansen and The Lightning Thief musical. Through the magic of social-media algorithms, Be More Chill was suggested to people because of that." From their growing streaming audience, old-fashioned word of mouth built up interest. By August 2018, the offbeat musical Be More Chill, about a geeky teen outsider who swallows a supercomputer that seeks to turn him into a cool insider (with consequences), landed an off-Broadway run and then transferred to Broadway in February. It ends its official five-month run this Sunday, and a film adaptation is reportedly in development.

"The craziest thing when we were first experiencing this viral sensation was that kids who were listening to it just didn't know that it wasn't playing somewhere," recalls Iconis. "I would get messages every day being like, 'I'm confused. What theater is this that?' We had this bizarre thing where for the longest time we had this hit show audience without having a show. It was just these kids who knew it so well from the album."

The two soundtracks for Be More Chill have reportedly racked up over 300 million streams combined, with the older off-Broadway version accounting for a greater share of those. The show made enough of an impact that it was parodied on the opening sequence of the Tony Awards this year (although, oddly enough, the source material went uncredited). The musical was nominated for Best Original Score (Music and/or Lyrics) Written For The Theatre, the award for which ultimately went to Hadestown.

"When people first started discovering the show I would get messages, and I was just so thrilled that anyone was listening to the show at all," says Be More Chill writer Joe Tracz. "People were not just listening to it, but living with it and thinking about it and wanting to know more about the characters and the world. [This is] a show that's actually looking at whether technology is a good or a bad thing. The grand irony of Be More Chill is finding an audience through the Internet."

On the indie circuit, Buried composer Cordelia O'Driscoll says her offbeat show, about two serial killers who serendipitously meet on a date, has mainly built up an audience through over 70 performances in the U.K. and U.S. over the last two years. It was originally crowdfunded through Indiegogo for its 2017 debut at Scotland's annual Edinburgh Fringe Festival. Based on a book written by director Tom Williams, the show recently played at the New York Musical Theatre Festival in N.Y.C. Streaming has helped the show's creators find new fans as existing ones share the music, which she says has exceeded 200,000 streams, reaching many fans who do not live near where a current production is happening.

"In terms of what we've found out about our fans, it’s been interesting to see which songs have been streamed more than others, to see what music people are connecting with the most at certain times," says O'Driscoll. "It's an amazing way to start to understand audiences." The fun, irreverent show looks like it will continue to thrive and grow.

Other productions have been aware of streaming potential for musical exposure. Between their 2015 D.C. run and 2016 Broadway debut, the producers of Dear Evan Hansen released the streamable single "Waving Through A Window" which reportedly accumulated over one million streams prior to the show's N.Y.C. premiere. On the Broadway side, fans who have been waiting and clamoring for Hamilton tickets have repeatedly streamed its score and memorized it. They know the show before they have seen it. The full Hamilton soundtrack on YouTube alone has racked up nearly 10 million views.

"The new British musical Six has grown a huge following from the streaming of its album," says O'Driscoll. "The music is brilliant and works very well as a stand-alone album, so people are going to their shows already knowing all the words. It's really cool to see."

"It feels like with more musicians like myself coming to the theater from different angles, and being able to reach supporters by way of musical channels and not just theatrical ones, we all benefit,” says Mitchell. “It makes for more aesthetic diversity, and brings different folks with different tastes to Broadway.”

"When I was a kid, you'd find any musical by like digging through the musical theater section at Sam Goody or your local library, and you were lucky if they had like one Sondheim title," recalls Tracz. "The things you saw were restricted by what was there with physical media. Now with streaming, if you're looking to discover something new, you can find it. Or, even better, it can find you."

"Streaming has huge potential to significantly expand the reach of musical theatre, and remove the perceptions of elitism or exclusivity that some people think it has," says O'Driscoll. "It’s a very exciting time for musical theater."

Backstreet Boy Howie Dorough On How Crippling Anxiety & Shyness Inspired His Family Album, 'Which One Am I?'

Lin-Manuel Miranda (L) and host/creator Hrishikesh Hirway (R) in "Song Exploder"

Lin-Manuel Miranda (L) and host/creator Hrishikesh Hirway (R) in "Song Exploder"

Photo: Eric Veras/Netflix

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How "Song Exploder" Unlocks The Intimacy Of Music song-exploder-netflix-hrishikesh-hirway-interview

Beat By Beat: How "Song Exploder" Unlocks The Intimacy Of Music And Creativity

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Based on the popular podcast, the newly launched Netflix series dissects classics and current hits one layer at a time, while host and creator Hrishikesh Hirway finds the human connection behind it all
John Ochoa
GRAMMYs
Oct 20, 2020 - 4:54 pm

Most people know "Song Exploder" as the popular podcast giving die-hard music fans a deep, inside look into the sonic mechanics behind their favorite tracks. A whole new class of music-heads now knows "Song Exploder" as the new Netflix series bringing the creativity behind music to the digital screen.

Originally launched as a podcast in 2014, "Song Exploder" dissects classic and current fan-favorite songs, with guest artists breaking down each individual track and element in detail to paint an intimate audio portrait of their art. The podcast, which has accumulated more than 60 million streams and downloads over the years and has hosted guests like U2, Selena Gomez, Björk, Fleetwood Mac, Solange and many others, now breathes new life as a Netflix docuseries. 

Introduced on the streaming platform at the beginning of October, "Song Exploder" adds an even deeper layer of storytelling and personal insight to the songs being deconstructed beat by beat. The show's inaugural four-episode run features Alicia Keys ("3 Hour Drive"), Lin-Manuel Miranda ("Wait For It" from "Hamilton"), R.E.M. ("Losing My Religion") and Ty Dolla $ign ("LA"). (Last week [Oct. 15], Netflix unveiled its next slate of guests for the show's second season, set to debut Dec. 15: Dua Lipa, The Killers, Nine Inch Nails and Natalia Lafourcade.

Whether in visual or podcast format, the core of "Song Exploder" remains the same: "an intimate portrait of an artist telling the story of how their artistic mind worked through creating one of their songs," host and creator Hrishikesh Hirway tells GRAMMY.com.

GRAMMY.com chatted with Hrishikesh Hirway about the human connection behind his new "Song Exploder" Netflix series and how he hopes the show will inspire others to create their own art.

You have an endless supply of songs from which to choose for any given "Song Exploder" episode, podcast and show. What needs to stand out in a song in order for you to develop it for "Song Exploder"?

The first step in the process is really identifying the artists before even getting to the song, because, frankly, I don't know necessarily which songs might have the best stories. The most famous songs don't necessarily have the most interesting stories, and the people who know that better than anyone are the people who made the songs.

But what I can try and determine is which artists seem really interesting and thoughtful, good storytellers, and who are also beloved by a lot of people. That's kind of where I start. And once I can get an artist onboard to talk about a song in this way, then I start the process of trying to narrow down which song it's going to be with them.

I feel like I don't know what the story [of the song] is all the time. There are a lot of songs that haven't necessarily been delved into, and frankly, I'm always interested in something like that ... where the backstory [of a song] hasn't been canonized and "Song Exploder" can be a place to tell it for the first time. So I really am relying on input from the artists ... The question that I ask them, frankly, is: Which of your songs do you feel the most emotional attachment to?

Ultimately, the most interesting stories, I think, when it comes to making songs or really making any kind of art, are about people and their feelings and the things that inspire them to make something at all. Even though the show is about music, it's also a portrait of each of these artists. In order to tell you something insightful, especially for it to be something that could be interesting to people who aren't people who make music themselves and also aren't necessarily even familiar with the artist or the song, it has to be something that connects to something in the human experience that feels significant.

I always try to make "Song Exploder" a show that reflected a broad range of genres and artists and backgrounds. So there's kind of almost a guarantee that you couldn't just get people hooked on the show based on who the artists were and what the songs were; I want everybody to watch every episode and listen to every episode of the podcast because I think that it's a worthwhile conversation to have. I think the creative process is something that's really fascinating in and of itself. It's an example of how people react to their own experience, to actually decide to make something based on their ideas, what they lived through, what they love ... The thing that I'm actually most interested in is that kind of emotional experience: the emotional attachment to the act of creating a piece of music.

Michael Stipe of R.E.M. in "Song Exploder"

Michael Stipe of R.E.M. in "Song Exploder" | Photo: Courtesy of Netflix/Netflix

There's a moment in the R.E.M. episode where frontman Michael Stipe gets almost emotional listening to his own voice on the band's classic, "Losing My Religion," and hearing the song elements broken down and presented to him in such an intimate manner, even after so many years since the song's release. How do you go about getting artists to open up to you and dive into their art so deeply?

I think one thing that helps is that I'm not really approaching [the interview process] head-on, certainly not right away. The questions don't start off front and center in like an emotionally investigative way. I think I have to earn their trust first, and part of that is from talking about the mechanics of the process first. That's the entry point in all these conversations. One of the reasons why having the [song's] stems is important, not just in terms of letting the listeners know what's going on in the song, but in terms of being able to facilitate that conversation with the artist.

Of all of the questions, the hardest one to answer is probably, "Why?" "Why did you decide to make the song this way? Why did you write this lyric? Why did you choose this chord progression?" That's the hardest [question], but it's also the one that I'm most interested in. But it's a little easier to start off with, first of all, "What?" "What are we listening to?" And then to ask them, "OK, how did you make it? And when did you make it?" All those basic factual questions are a way to just let them and me submerge ourselves into the memories of making that song.

Once they're there and able to relive some of the experience of it by hearing the actual evidence of the stuff that they did on that day—hearing their voice, hearing the instrument, hearing the actual track that they recorded around that time—it's a lot easier to ask them to then dig a few layers deeper and ask what was going on in their lives and how that might've fed into some of those creative decisions.

Read: Rhyme & Punishment: How NPR's "Louder Than A Riot" Podcast Traces The Interconnected Rise Of Hip-Hop And Mass Incarceration

You're now juggling the show and the podcast. How do you decide what songs go on the podcast format and what goes in video format?

Well, the podcast is a lot of work for a podcast, but that means that I'm still able to turn around an episode in a few weeks, whereas the TV show takes a much longer time to put together. There are just so many more components to it, and it's so much more work.

Part of the pitch for doing the television show is that I was trying to ask these artists to take a leap of faith, [like,] "This is something that's going to take a while to make, so you can't tie it to your promotional calendar, necessarily. I can't guarantee that it'll come out on such and such date to coincide with your single release or something like that." It was really more like, "Would you like to participate in this thing where there'll be this really meticulously crafted mini-documentary about this work that you did, and it's sort of evergreen."

That's a different pitch than with the podcast. Although with the podcast, I say all those things, too. I say it's evergreen and it's always better when it's not necessarily tied to your release schedule and more like when people have had a chance to live with the song a little bit. But one of the advantages of the podcast is it can be a little more nimble because it's a little easier to put together.

So this is a long way of saying that a lot of times that question is answered by the artists themselves or their publicists or managers, who are looking for a very specific outcome or timing, or they have something in mind, and that could be a matter of scale. It really depends on the circumstances of the artist and what works for them.

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Fans who've been following the podcast for a while will find a totally different experience when they come to the show. There are two types of storytelling when I hear "Song Exploder," the podcast, and when I watch "Song Exploder," the docuseries. The podcast is very audio-heavy: You get to really hear all of the isolated bits and pieces of the song. The show has a lot more historical and cultural context, sort of like a mini-documentary for a song, and you also hear from a lot more voices beyond just the recording artist. Beyond the visual element, what do you gain in terms of storytelling through the show?

I think one of the things that you mentioned is absolutely key to the TV show, which is that often on the podcast, it's just a single voice or maybe two voices together … But with the TV show, because the timeline was so different, there was a chance to stop and say, "OK, who do we really want? Who are all the voices that are involved in the creation of the song?" Maybe not just the artist, but also the collaborators that were essential to making the song. 

Having that kind of breadth and depth, it isn't always afforded to the shorter turnaround time and the scale of the podcast. But here, to really immerse the audience and give a really full picture of what the song was, having those other voices in there was really important. For [the] Alicia Keys episode [about the song "3 Hour Drive,"] we traveled to London to film with [the song's guest vocalist and co-writer/co-producer] Sampha and the [song's] co-writer/co-producer Jimmy Napes because we knew that they were going to only expand and flesh out the story.

I think a part of it is also a matter of craft, too. When you're working in audio, you're kind of only working in one dimension, which is time. You're just relying on one sense, hearing, and you're just basing everything on how long things take; the rhythm comes from just that one sense. But with TV, you have to also give a rhythm and complexity visually, too. You can't just transliterate the podcast into a TV format, where it's just one person talking, mixed with the isolated stems, because it wouldn't work; it would get very boring very quickly. So in order to have that kind of texture and nuance, we wanted to involve all those different people and try and give a little bit bigger of a picture than maybe what comes out in the podcast.

Do you see the podcast and the show as separate entities or related in the same family? Do you need to engage with both formats to fully appreciate or understand what "Song Exploder" is trying to do?

Oh, I don't think you have to engage with both. Of course, I would love it if people did, just because they're both things that I've put a lot of work into, and you want people to enjoy the stuff that you've worked on. This is not a great analogy, but I think it's sort of like reading a book or watching a movie that's been adapted of that book. I don't think you need to read the book to enjoy the movie, and vice versa, you don't need to have seen the movie to have full enjoyment of the book. But maybe you'll get something out of the experience of taking both in. Maybe it changes the way you feel about both.

This is, of course, a little bit different, because it's not even the same story that's being told. It's really just taking the core concept, which is an intimate portrait of an artist telling the story of how their artistic mind worked through creating one of their songs, and taking that concept and expressing it in these two different media. So it's much looser even than something like an adaptation of a book to a movie.

What artist or what song is your holy grail for the podcast or the show or both?

I don't have one holy grail—I think I probably have about a thousand. Anytime I start listening to music, I start wondering about it. That's not new since I started "Song Exploder"; it's the other way around. That's always been the way I listen to music. When I fall in love with a song, I want to hear it from the inside out. I want to hear what the individual tracks, what the individual stems sound like. I want to know what the ideas were that inspired all of these things that I'm falling in love with. "Song Exploder" was just a way of me being able to actually make that happen for myself. So anytime I'm listening to music and I hear something great, you could put it on the list.

Ty Dolla $ign in "Song Exploder"

Ty Dolla $ign in "Song Exploder" | Photo: Courtesy of Netflix/Netflix

What is your ultimate goal with "Song Exploder"?

I wish people would either watch the show or listen to the podcast and come away with a feeling that they want to make something themselves. Part of my aim with the show is to democratize the act of creation a little bit. I think it's easy to look at very successful artists or very successful songs or any kind of art in any format, where it has reached a certain level of success, and think that there's some uncrossable boundary for everyday people that keeps them from making something as great as those songs …

I think the best feeling that I always get from finishing working on an episode is something akin to that. That like, I just want to go make something, and it doesn't just have to be music. I think that anybody who is interested in making anything at all, to get something from the show, just the idea of going from nothing but an idea and following that all the way through to a finished piece of art, I hope that might be inspiring to everyone.

Glen Ballard On How His Netflix Show "The Eddy" Puts Music, Jazz And Performance First

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Chorus practices outdoors this year at Countryside High School in Pinellas County, Florida.
Photo courtesy of Christy King

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How COVID Changed The Look Of Music Education puppy-pads-and-slit-masks-how-covid-changed-look-music-education

Puppy Pads And Slit Masks: How COVID Changed The Look Of Music Education

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COVID-era problems put pressure on teachers to work creatively, while fearing for the future
Emilee Lindner
GRAMMYs
Sep 21, 2020 - 9:01 am

Those living in Kingsman, Arizona, shouldn’t be surprised if they hear 30 kids yelling simultaneously from Lee Williams High School. That’s just Shannon Bascombe’s marching band letting out their COVID-19 frustrations.

"The kids were like, ‘Hey, Ms. B, can we, like, scream into the void for 10 seconds at the beginning of practice?'" Bascombe recalled. "'Yeah, sure, I’ll give you guys 10 seconds to just yell it out.' … Then they’ll start learning drill."

The coronavirus pandemic has made returning to school this fall a touchy debate. With each district whipping up its own tentative plan, students are either attending school armed with masks, learning virtually from home or doing a half-and-half schedule. They’ve pushed start dates, altered schedules and introduced new technology. Several schools GRAMMY.com contacted for this story set a date in September or October to reassess and adjust, aiming for in-person instruction by 2021. Needless to say, a little scream therapy is warranted—not just for students, but for teachers, parents and administrators as well.

So how does music education fit into the new school plans? Unlike math or history, which can rely on individual study, collaborative ensembles like band, chorus and orchestra cannot. With social distancing measures in place, getting a band of 50 students placed six feet apart in one room is, well, impossible. Not to mention the whole aerosol concern with kids blowing on their horns. Online group rehearsal doesn’t work either, due to latency issues.

With those difficulties in mind, districts across the country have already cut arts programs. And those teachers who still have their jobs are feeling the pressure to keep them by proving their worth.

"[Parents are] OK with the core teachers being at home and being able to give assignments," says Jake Olimpi, marching band and orchestra director at Marple Newtown High School in Pennsylvania. "But what is the art teacher doing, what is the music teacher doing? They’re getting paid and where’s the result?"

That pressure, atop the duty to keep students safe, healthy and engaged has become the new challenge for teachers, who are also haunted by the pandemic’s long lasting effects on music education.

Masks On Instruments And Puppy Pads

The spread of aerosols, a.k.a. air and saliva, forced the Centers for Disease Control to recommend the six-feet social distancing rule months ago. But when it came to the performing arts, there was little scientific evidence on how singing and instrument playing contributed to aerosol spread. A study from the National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS), published without peer review in July, gave music teachers some answers.

Conducted by the University of Colorado Boulder, the study found that instruments released fewer aerosols if they were masked at the bell. They found even fewer aerosols when the player wore a slitted mask. In order to return to in-person ensembles, authors of the study also suggested these points:

  • Musicians must stay six feet apart (nine feet for trombonists)
  • Bell covers should have a Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value (MERV) of 13 (although any covering is better than none)
  • Spit valves should empty into absorbent sheets like puppy pads
  • Rehearsal times should be limited to 30 minutes
  • Instructors should wait one HVAC air change between classes
  • HEPA filters should be in rehearsal spaces
  • Outdoor rehearsals are recommended over indoor ones

With the scientific guidance, teachers got to work crafting what fall 2020 would look like… and now that school’s back in session, music classes certainly don’t look like they did before. At Bascombe’s school in Arizona, they’re following the NFHS guidelines nearly to a T.

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The students at Tarpon Springs Leadership Conservatory for the Arts stick to their cones and try out their new bell covers.
Credit: Anna Ottens

"When they come into the room, they have to wash their hands, drop their stuff off," Bascombe says. "We go through the symptom checker from the Mayo Clinic every day when they walk into the room… All of the doors are propped open so the kids have minimal touch. There's hand sanitizer everywhere. Mouthpiece cleaner everywhere."

Bascombe's woodwinds, brass, percussion and colorguard all get their own room. Every Friday, she spends an additional hour and a half disinfecting each room, including the bathroom her students use.

At the Southern Nevada Homeschool Performing Arts, program director Bonnie Buhler-Tanouye says brass players wear slitted masks, akin to "boys' underwear," and flute players wear shields. She says parents are willing to do even more in order to get their nearly shutdown Las Vegas music scene rolling again.

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The students at Southern Nevada Homeschool Performing Arts wear face shields and slitted masks on the first day of band practice. 
Courtesy: Bonnie Buhler-Tanouye

"One of the parents I was talking to the other day, because I was reminding her of masks for her trumpet player, she said, ‘You know what, put me in a hazmat suit, if you have to. Whatever we have to do to get back to playing music together,'" Buhler-Tanouye recalled.

The NFHS study deemed outdoor rehearsal better for dispersing aerosols. Summer band camps served as positive test runs for the rest of the school year, with students respectively keeping their distance. Water and sunscreen breaks are frequent and essential. In Pinellas County Schools in Florida, humidity plagues practices, but kids are happy to endure sweating for a chance to play together, says Jeanne Reynolds, performing arts specialist for the district.

"If you teach in Florida and you're a band teacher, you become a meteorologist," Jeanne said. "'Cause it’s not just hurricanes; we’ve got pretty good thunderstorms, so you have to know when to get out of harm’s way. Which we all do."

What happens when the temperature drops? When playing outside is no longer an option, bands will be forced to limit the size of their ensembles, based on dimensions of their rooms and state guidelines. Some schools have already taken band class off the schedule completely, exchanging it for smaller groups, broken up alphabetically or by instrument.

Smaller ensembles introduce two problems, though. First, smaller groups equate to more classes, meaning teachers' course loads have increased. Music programs like the one at Bergenfield High School in New Jersey rely on a large staff, which allows them to assign one teacher each to virtual and in-person classes for all of their ensembles. Bergenfield’s band director, Brian Timmons, considers his program lucky; not all schools have the resources.

Second, teachers must find music for a ragtag chamber ensemble. For example, if groups were split numerically by students' names, a director might end up with a flute, three trombones, five bass clarinets and a french horn in a class, and music for a combo like that is rare. Thankfully, publishers like Alfred, Hal Leonard and RWS Music Company have flexible arrangements that can be split into a few basic parts, and have become more available during COVID.

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The supply of cleaning materials Shannon Bascombe uses to disinfect the band rooms at Lee Williams High School. 
Courtesy: Shannon Bascombe

But will the music ever get performed? State guidelines vary, but indoor maximum capacity has been limited to as few as 25 people per room. Gathering an audience would be infeasible.

Perhaps concerts aren’t even necessary. According to Timmons, it’s time to shake up the dusty format anyway.

"Music education has been so performance-driven all the time," Timmons says. "And we never take time to explore the other things like the chamber playing or the composition or just ear training in and of itself or theory."

Students taking virtual band obviously don’t have to deal with these new precautions and guidelines, but they also don’t get to play together. As Timmons says, they’re working on individual assignments, like learning music production, which allows them to sew together an ensemble, piece by piece. Timmons' students will work on a shared online workspace to record music. It gives students the power to collaborate remotely, he says.

"They can listen to each other’s part and say, ‘OK, our articulation is not punching there. We’re going to have to rerecord this section,'" Timmons says. "I have three teenagers of my own. I watch them killing it on TikTok. If you can do that, there’s no reason why I can’t teach you how to do this."

And then there’s the fact that some schools are taking little to no precaution. Music teacher Nathan Smith says he was fired from Oakdale Academy in Michigan after expressing his concern over the safety of students and staff. The private Christian high school is not requiring masks this fall, per a letter sent home to parents.

"I had so many plans for this school year," Smith said. "I certainly wasn't ready to leave without seeing any of my kids again."

The Lost Generation And Long-Term Effects

It’s a struggle to keep current music students engaged, but it’s a completely new challenge to get more kids involved. Recruitment requires getting instruments into the hands of fourth graders and presenting the allure of a polished, performing ensemble—hurdles made higher by COVID.

Lackluster recruitment will have damaging effects on the future of music education, says Robert W. Smith, a composer, arranger and professor at Troy University, who has written hundreds of works for high school-level ensembles.

"We cannot have a lost generation of musicians, and we’re about to have it," Smith says.

If too few young musicians join band, orchestra and choir programs, the ensembles will see dwindling numbers in each subsequent year, all the way up to college groups.

"This is like aftershocks of an earthquake or second and third waves of a tsunami," Smith says.

Current music students also face the loss of competition and adjudication—third-party feedback that lends itself toward improvement. Many in-person music competitions have been canceled for the fall. On the upside, some organizations have offered virtual adjudication, where students and ensembles can send in their performances for assessment.

But the long-term effects aren’t all bad. Timmons insists that it’s only shifting focus for COVID-era students to prepare for a more viable music career—one that isn’t totally based on performance (though still valuable), but digital skills.

"If you’re going to be successful in music, you have to have a basic understanding of how digital audio works, even if you’re a classical-style player," Timmons says. "You gotta have an understanding. If we can teach them how to use a digital audio workstation, even if it’s some kind of cloud-based thing, recording themselves and then as a chamber ensemble recording their own product, we’re kind of unlocking skills."

All of this means that music educators are getting even more creative than before, out of necessity.

"Music teachers by nature are problems solvers. It’s what we do," Timmons says. "Listen, troubleshoot, feedback, adjustment, listen, troubleshoot, does that sound good? This is just another problem to solve. It’s just a little more problematic than fixing the intonation of a chord."

Marching Six Feet Apart: How High School Marching Bands Are Coping With The Pandemic

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